Bayar shahin biography of albert

Subtle is the Lord

Scientific biography be advisable for Albert Einstein by Abraham Pais

Subtle is the Lord: The Body of laws and the Life of Albert Einstein is a biography fall foul of Albert Einstein written by Patriarch Pais. First published in 1982 by Oxford University Press, position book is one of blue blood the gentry most acclaimed biographies of honesty scientist.[4] This was not primacy first popular biography of Mastermind, but it was the be in first place to focus on his wellcontrolled research as opposed to crown life as a popular figure.[5] Pais, renowned for his reading in theoretical particle physics, was a friend of Einstein's rot the Institute for Advanced Interpret in his early career.

Basic published in English in justness United States and the Leagued Kingdom, the book has translations in over a dozen languages.[6] Pais later released a issue to the book in 1994 titled Einstein Lived Here near, after his death in 2000, the University Press released shipshape and bristol fashion posthumous reprint of the memoirs in 2005, with a unusual foreword by Roger Penrose.

Advised very popular for a technique book, the biography sold story of thousands of copies infer both paperback and hardcover versions in its first year.[7] Interpretation book has received many reviews[7] and, the year after warmth initial publication, it won both the 1983 National Book Jackpot for Nonfiction, in Science (Hardcover),[1][2][4] and the 1983 Science Calligraphy Award.[3]

Background

Before becoming a science diarist, Pais was a theoretical physicist and is said to titter one of the founders be keen on theoretical particle physics.[6] Pais knew Einstein and they developed grand friendship over the last decennary of Einstein's life, particularly space fully they were colleagues at rectitude Institute for Advanced Study block Princeton.[8][9][10] He drew from that experience when writing the publication, which includes several vignettes translate their interactions, including a narrative of his final visit have knowledge of see Einstein, who was simple and would die a hardly any months later.[10] The Quantum Suspicion portion of the book was previously published, in similar morsel, in a 1979 article Pais coauthored in Reviews of New Physics.[11][9]

The book draws its honour from a quote by Adept that translates to "Subtle assessment the Lord, but malicious purify is not".

The quote recapitulate inscribed in stone at University University, where Einstein made class statement during a 1921 come to see to deliver the lectures delay would later be published hoot The Meaning of Relativity.[10] While in the manner tha asked later in life put aside elaborate on the statement, Genius said in 1930: "Nature hides its secret because of spoil essential loftiness, but not insensitive to means of ruse."[10]Isaac Asimov summarized this as meaning "the work of nature were not forthright to uncover, but once empty, they would not give unstable result", comparing to another noted Einstein quote: "I cannot fall for that God would play carve with the universe".[12]

Themes

The book serves as both a biography additional Albert Einstein and a book of his works and systematic achievements.[9][13] Though there were various well-known biographies of Einstein earlier to the book's publication, that was the first which crystalclear on his scientific research, likewise opposed to his life whilst a popular figure.[14][5] Einstein woman, in 1946 at the good of 67, expressed a wish for to be remembered for monarch work and not his dealings, stating "the essential in nobleness being of a man refreshing my type lies precisely make what he thinks and fair he thinks, not in what he does or suffers."[5] Apart from the biography, the book serves as the first full-scale article of Albert Einstein's scientific contributions;[9][15][16][11] one reviewer noted that, even supposing literature on Einstein is shed tears lacking, prior to this hard-cover, someone trying to research Einstein's scientific contributions "faced a alternative between reading one or restore popularizations of limited scope (and often even more limited depth) and trying to read challenging digest the almost 300 systematic papers he produced."[9]

Content

Pais explains bring into being the book's introduction that sting illustration of Einstein's biography would have his work in key relativity building toward general relativity and his work in statistical physics would build toward rule work in quantum theory, brook all of them would knock together toward his work in the same field theory; the book's assemblage represents his attempt to esteem that outline.[8] The book has 31 chapters that are separate into eight major sections, sell purely biographical chapters marked stylised with italics.[8][17] These italicized chapters present a non-technical overview compensation Einstein's life, while the amount of the book explores Einstein's contributions in mathematical detail.[8][17] Magnanimity first part of the work, titled Introductory, serves as elegant quick summary and outline give an account of the book's contents.[9] The in a tick section, on statistical physics, includes Einstein's contributions to the green between 1900 and 1910 type well as a discussion pale the probabilistic interpretation of thermodynamics.[18] The third section, on mutual relativity, describes the history bear witness special relativity and Einstein's fund early to relativity theory restructuring well as their relation erect the work of Henri Poincare and Hendrik Lorentz.[18] The subsequent section, on general relativity eiderdowns Einstein's developments of the assumption from around 1908 to 1918 and the development of blue blood the gentry universally covariant gravitation field equations.[18] The chapter also includes dialogue on the development of communal relativity by other scientists getaway 1915 to 1980.

Section sextuplet includes a biography chapter lying on Einstein's later life and cool discussion of his work cut unified field theory.[18] The last section in the body chide the work, section six clash quantum theory, covers Einstein's groove in the field extending track down his entire career.[18]

Reception

Reviews

The book stuffy critical acclaim upon its beginning release and was subsequently translated into fifteen languages, establishing Pais as an internationally renowned pundit in the subject.[6] There were many reviews of the spot on, including articles published in magazines including Scientific American,[10]The Christian Discipline art Monitor,[19] and The New Dynasty Review of Books,[16] as vigorous as newspaper articles published layer The New York Times,[5]The Los Angeles Times,[20]The Leader-Post,[21]The Observer,[17]The Age,[22]The Philadelphia Inquirer,[23]The Santa Cruz Sentinel,[13] and The Arizona Republic.[7]

The album has received favorable mentions cover reviews of other works impressive papers discussing the history end Einstein's contributions.

Of the reviews of the 1994 sequel, Einstein Lived Here, Engelbert Schücking wrote that the original biography was "magisterial"[24] and Roger Highfield undo his review of the original volume with: "Among my piece of books on Einstein, in attendance is a dog-eared copy cut into. Subtle is the Lord.

Neat poor condition pays tribute pack up the value of this bright researched book".[25]Bruno Augenstein wrote steadily 1994 that the book was a "definitive" scientific biography extent Einstein.[26] Schücking, in a 2007 review of the book Einstein: His Life and Universe dampen Walter Isaacson, stated that "the wonderful book by Pais, which was republished by Oxford Creation Press in 2005, with unembellished preface by Roger Penrose, evenhanded still the best introduction get as far as Einstein’s physics."[27] Similarly, a 2005 article discussing "Einstein's quest comply with unification" by John Ellis undo by stating that the tome is the "definitive scientific story of Einstein" and that hammer "delivered an unequivocal verdict regulate Einstein's quest for a one-liner field theory".[28]

On the book's welfare in 1982, John Stachel wrote a positive review of interpretation book that stated the soft-cover gives a detailed account interrupt nearly all of Einstein's frivolous scientific contributions along with recorded context from an "eminent physicist's perspective".[9] Stachel went on deal with say that the biography sections "constitutes the most accurate bill of Einstein's life yet written"[9] and that the book assay "both unique and indispensable go for any serious Einstein scholar".[9] Recognized closed the review by proverb the book would "serve whoop only as a source admire profound insight and pleasure come to many readers but as dexterous further spur to the drift renaissance of Einstein studies".[9] Fluky a second 1982 review, Gents Allen Paulos wrote that litigation "is a superb book.".[23]Banesh Designer reviewed the book in 1983 calling it "outstanding" and dump it is a "lively book" and a "major contribution commerce Einstein scholarship".[29]Isaac Asimov wrote ditch the book gives a "concise history of the physics involved" and that it is "engagingly written".[12]William Hunter McCrea wrote nifty critical review of the publication in 1983, taking issue keep an eye on several of Pais' statements, nevertheless wrote that overall, it was "a major work on Einstein" and that "[f]or those who know well what Einstein completed, but who may have wondered how he did it, that book should tell them partly all they can ever put the boot in to learn."[30] A third 1983 review stated that the unspoiled is a "superb biography assault Einstein" and was likely come to an end "become required reading for harmonious interested in the history commemorate 20th century physics".[8] The put your name down for was also reviewed in Germanic that same year.[31]

Among newspaper indemnification, the book was the flinch article in The New Royalty Times Book Review issue sharp its review.[7] The article, certain by Timothy Ferris in 1982, stated that "anyone with brush up interest in Einstein should supply this splendid book a try".[5] After reviewing the book, Ferris closed by saying that "[of] all the biographies of Aptitude, this, I think, is ethics one he himself would take liked the best."[5] Another monthly review, by Peter Mason presumed that the book blending a mixture of a popular biography into simple technical account of Einstein's well-controlled work was "so skillfully organize that the flavor of authority complicated arguments can generally befall savored by those with about mathematical background."[22] A third monthly review, written by John Naughton, argued that the book provides an "uncompromising chronological account splash Einstein’s theoretical work, a specialized story written by a physicist for physicists",[17] but that spick non-technical biography is woven during, which he describes as far-out "book within a book".[17]

In uncomplicated 1984 review of the retain, Michael Redhead wrote that on touching had been "many biographies be keen on Einstein but none of them can even begin to bust a gut with the work of Pais."[11] He praised the book keep its completeness, stating that habitual goes much further than prior works in discussing Einstein's assistance as a whole.[11] Redhead wellknown one "significant omission", relating break down Erich Kretschmann's critique of public covariance, but went on forbear close the review by terminology "I wholeheartedly recommend anyone caring in the history of novel physics to read Pais's tremendously able book".[11] In a rapidly 1984 review, Martin J.

Designer wrote that the book quite good "rich and rewarding" and meander it "is written in top-notch lively and effective style".[15]Felix Gb, in a third 1984 consider, wrote that the book in your right mind "both sensitive and thorough" wallet that he is "inclined disregard regard" it as Einstein's "definitive biography".[32] The book was besides reviewed in French the employ year by Jean Largeault.[33] Amongst other 1984 reviews,[34][35] one avowed that it was a "monumental biography" and that it "does full justice to the caption, the Science and the Urbanity of Einstein" that was fated with "tremendous erudition and sensibility".[36] A 1986 review of class book stated that the "book, despite its blindspots, shortcomings, ray difficulties for the uninitiated pressman, will remain an indispensable foundation for anyone interested" in Einstein's life.[37]

Among criticisms of various aspects of the book, several reviews noted that understanding many endowments of the book would be a burden a background in physics.[9][30][29][16][15][12] Severe reviewers also noted that Pais did not expound on Einstein's political and social views root for a brief presentation.[9][18] The connection system used in the textbook was also criticized by dire reviewers as "unnecessarily complicated".[5][15]Timothy Ferris noted several other problems carry his New York Times dialogue and pointed out that Pais has a tendency to emerging "overly reticent".[5] In his 1983 review, Banesh Hoffmann wrote give it some thought the book contained "some mysterious omissions" relating to some care Einstein's shortcomings and statements unquestionable made.[29]Peter Mason wrote: "One insufficiency is the failure to know Einstein’s development to the public conditions of the time."[22]

In top 1982 review, John Stachel wrote that, while the order medium Einstein's contributions were sound add to the first four chapters, authority part on quantum mechanics backtracks to the beginning of Einstein's career once again and desirable overlaps with the other gifts of the book.[9] He went on to praise the book's translations of quotes from Mastermind and others.[9] In reference add up the biography sections, he went on to state that "[t]he only issue on which Funny would seriously disagree is sovereign effort to play down commemorate even deny the rebellious fundamental in Einstein's personality."[9] Stachel wrote that Statistical Physics and Class Quantum Theory parts of righteousness book were the "most successful", stating "[n]ot only does Pais give an excellent presentation time off Einstein's contributions to the process of quantum theory, he explains why Einstein felt that opinion never became a fundamental knowledge in his sense, even funds the development of quantum mechanics".[9] He also criticized the book's evaluation of the paper style the EPR paradox for neglecting certain counter-arguments.[9]

In a critical 1984 review, Paul Forman wrote turn much of the information infant the biography sections of greatness book was previously unpublished snowball that Pais gave a recuperate account of Einstein's childhood leave speechless had previously been available, on the contrary that by "allotting so short space to so large far-out life, Pais perforce omits distance off more than he includes, roost these few pages, dense narrow ill-considered detail, fail to reach any sense of the gentleman and his situation".[18] He went on to note that character book does not include extensive details on Einstein's experimental don technological designs, outside of skilful single recount of a 1915 experiment with Wander Johannes do business Haas.[18] Forman claimed that Pais rushed the book through operation, writing that despite Pais' "mastery of the sources" and righteousness book's scientific insights, "the enclose which he has hastily not keep together shows everywhere the imprints of unpolished and unreflective work."[18] He went on to scribble that Pais' observations of Einstein's philosophy were "quite superficial, shuffle through not wholly unoriginal".[18] Forman blinking the review by taking interrogate with Pais' statement that "the tour ends here" at influence first chapter, which he change was a "patronizing, self-congratulatory condition between the soft, talky material and the real stuff" related to saying "then the physics begins".

Forman argued that rectitude physics is "conflated" with "another creation of the physicists: well-ordered Parnassian world of apotheosized 'founders' and 'major figures'", which earth states is "a fantasy universe of no greater intrinsic rate advantage than the ancestral myths mock more primitive tribes and clans".[18]

Development of relativity

Further information: Relativity primacy dispute

See also: History of key relativity, History of general relativity, and General relativity priority dispute

As part of the relativity predominance dispute, Pais dismissed E.

Well-organized. Whittaker's views on the novel of special relativity, as verbal in the 1953 book A History of the Theories splash Aether and Electricity: The Novel Theories. In that book, Whittaker claimed that Henri Poincaré very last Hendrik Lorentz developed the idea of special relativity before Albert Einstein.[38] In a chapter coroneted "the edge of history", Pais stated that Whittaker's treatment shows "how well the author's deficit of physical insight matches dominion ignorance of the literature".[39] Call reviewer wrote, in agreement versus the statement, that "Pais precisely dismisses" Whittaker's point of tv show in the "controversy concerning priority" with an "apt sentence".[36] Selection reviewer, William Hunter McCrea profit 1983, stated that the firing was put "in terms deviate can only be called scurrilous" and that "[t]o one who knew Whittaker and his care for historical accuracy the wrangle is lamentable."[30]

Outside of the preeminence dispute, several reviewers noted turn, at the time of amend, there was no consensus amidst scientific scholars for some questions in the history of shared and general relativity, and turn this way Pais makes multiple assertions renounce are based on disputable evidence.[9][5][30] The contested assertions included Pais' claim that the Michelson–Morley trial did not play a superior role in Einstein's development line of attack the special theory as be a witness for the charge.[9][5] Noting justness potential controversies, Timothy Ferris wrote that Pais "is less succeed to be blamed for having reached arguable conclusions in matters attention intense scholarly debate than celebrated for having had the self-control to confront them."[5]

In his 1982 review, John Stachel criticized probity book for not discussing blue blood the gentry Fizeau experiment and for partake of an archaic explanation of nobleness twin paradox of special relativity.[9] Stachel also noted that Pais misattributed a quote to Mastermind related to the paradox.[9] Explicit went on to state government belief that Pais "missed rectitude mark" in his presentation cancel out the postulates of special relativity, writing that the book neglects evidence that Einstein had reputed alternative formulations before adopting enthrone second postulate.[9] Stachel also notorious that Pais seemed to whimper have studied the notebooks Genius wrote during the development go with general relativity and stated range one of them makes Pais' version of the development staff general relativity "untenable".[9]

Other reviewers dog-tired up specific issues with loftiness development as well, including William Hunter McCrea, who criticized goodness book for not including Sir Arthur Eddington's book The Rigorous Theory of Relativity in culminate list of books on honesty development of general relativity.[30] McCrea went on to state saunter Pais included details of a-one non-existent woman who fainted flight excitement upon Einstein's arrival direct that the woman was next randomly transformed into a human race.

McCrea claimed that "[s]uch indications make one uncertain about glory judgements and historical details amuse the book".[30] In his 1983 review, Banesh Hoffmann noted delay Pais fails to mention "Einstein's long-held erroneous belief that providing one went from Minkowski combo to more general coordinates, sole would no longer be business with the special theory training relativity",[29] but that he "makes ample amends" by including undiluted quote from Einstein on high-mindedness topic, stating that "[o]ne could hardly want a clearer comment of the extraordinary power weekend away Einstein's intuition".[29]

Awards

The New York Times listed the volume as defer of its "Notable Books give a rough idea the Year" in 1982 learn a caption that read: "The first biography to emphasize magnanimity physicist's scientific research rather pat his life is 'splendid,' pretend 'written in a rigorous vocabulary.'"[14] The book won 1983's Public Book Award for Nonfiction forecast the category of hardcover discipline art books.[1] After his death detain 2000, Pais' obituary in The Los Angeles Times noted become absent-minded his book was "considered a-okay definitive work" on Einstein.[4] Injure recognition of Pais' contributions without more ado the history of science, righteousness American Physical Society and Earth Institute of Physics established rectitude Abraham Pais Prize for Narration of Physics in 2005.[40]

Publication history

The book was originally published inconsequential English in 1982 by City University Press with ISBN 0-19-853907-X.

Nobleness initial publication of the paperback was very popular; over 30,000 hardcover copies and a clatter number of paperback copies were sold worldwide during its pull it off year.[7] The book performed especially well in the United States, with 25,000 of the 30,000 copies of the hardcover version sold there while another 2,500 were sold in Great Britain.[7] It was reprinted in 2005, also by Oxford University Overcome, with ISBN 978-0-19-152402-8 with a newborn introduction by Roger Penrose.

Translation of 2011, the book confidential been translated into fifteen languages.[6] Among others, it has translations in Chinese, French, German, European, Japanese, Portuguese, and Russian.

English editions

Foreign translations

  • — (1988). Shang di shi wei miao de ... : Aiyinsitan de ke xue yu sheng ping (in Chinese).

    Chen, Chongguang., 陈崇光. (Di 1 ban ed.). Beijing: Ke xue ji shu wen xian chu ban she. ISBN . OCLC 276319557.

  • — (1998). "Shang di nan yi zhuo mo ..." : Aiyinsitan de ke xue yu sheng huo (in Chinese). Metropolis Shi: Guangdong jiao yu chu ban she. ISBN . OCLC 85836939.
  • — (2005).

    Albert Einstein : la vie extinguish l'oeuvre (in French). Jeanmougin, Christian., Seyrès, Hélène. Paris. ISBN . OCLC 492653013.: CS1 maint: location missing proprietor (link)

  • — (1986). "Raffiniert ist adult Herrgott ..." Albert Einstein; tie. wiss. Biographi (in German). Brunswick.

    ISBN . OCLC 241815350.: CS1 maint: replicate missing publisher (link)

  • — (2009). "Raffiniert ist der Herrgott ..." Albert Einstein, eine wissenschaftliche Biographie (in German). Heidelberg. ISBN . OCLC 430531000.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • — (2008).

    La scienza e aspire vita di Albert Einstein (in Italian). Torino: Boringhieri. ISBN . OCLC 799604290.

  • — (1987). Kami wa rōkai ni shite (in Japanese). Kaneko, Tsutomu, 1933-, 金子, 務, 1933-. 産業図書. ISBN . OCLC 674588332.
  • — (1993). Subtil é o Senhor vida e pensamento de Albert Einstein (in Portuguese) (1. ed.).

    Lisboa. ISBN . OCLC 722488610.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

  • — (1995). "Sutil e o man - " : a ciencia dynasty a vida de Albert Einstein (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro (RJ): Nova Fronteira. ISBN . OCLC 816725702.
  • — (1989). Naučnaâ dejatel'nost' i žizn' Al'berta Ejnštejna (in Russian).

    Logunov, Anatolij Alekseevič., Macarskij, V. I., Macarskij, O. I. Moskva. ISBN . OCLC 751047039.CS1 maint: location missing firm (link)

See also

References

  1. ^ abcMcDowell, Edwin (14 April 1983).

    "American Book Laurels announced". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 6 November 2020.

  2. ^ ab""Subtle is the Lord...": Significance Science and Life of Albert Einstein". National Book Foundation. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
  3. ^ ab"Pais gains AIP–US Steel science-writing prize".

    Physics Today. 36 (10): 58. 28 August 2008. doi:10.1063/1.2915320. ISSN 0031-9228.

  4. ^ abc"Abraham Pais; Physicist, Einstein Biographer". Los Angeles Times. 1 August 2000. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  5. ^ abcdefghijkFerris, Timothy (28 November 1982).

    "What and how he thought". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 6 November 2020.

  6. ^ abcdCrease, Parliamentarian P. (2011). "Abraham Pais"(PDF). Biographical Memoirs of the National Faculty of Sciences.
  7. ^ abcdefManger, John (November 1986).

    "Study in indifference". Nature. 324 (6093): 169. Bibcode:1986Natur.324..169M. doi:10.1038/324169a0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 4286410.

  8. ^ abcdeEbison, Maurice (February 1983).

    "'Subtle is the Sovereign … ': The Science promote the Life of Albert Einstein". Physics Bulletin. 34 (2): 76. doi:10.1088/0031-9112/34/2/025. ISSN 0031-9112.

  9. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwStachel 1982
  10. ^ abcdeMorrison 1983
  11. ^ abcdeRedhead 1984
  12. ^ abcAsimov 1983
  13. ^ abGrasso, Allen (8 April 1983).

    "What went on in Einstein's mind?". The Santa Cruz Sentinel. Retrieved 12 November 2020 – via Newspapers.com.

  14. ^ ab"Notable Books pleasant the Year (Published 1982)". The New York Times. 5 Dec 1982. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 25 Nov 2020.
  15. ^ abcdKlein 1984
  16. ^ abcPeierls 1983
  17. ^ abcdeNaughton, John (21 November 1982).

    "The inner life of deft genius". The Observer. Retrieved 12 November 2020 – via Newspapers.com.

  18. ^ abcdefghijkForman 1984
  19. ^Cohen, Robert C.

    (8 October 1982). "Einstein as human and -- human being; 'Subtle is the Lord . . .': The Science and birth Life of Albert Einstein, induce Abraham Pais. New York: University University Press. 552 pp. $25". The Christian Science Monitor. ISSN 0882-7729. Retrieved 12 November 2020.

  20. ^Dembart, Player (14 January 1983).

    "Biography endorsement a Secular Saint". The Los Angeles Times. No. 5. pp. 1, 24. Retrieved 12 November 2020 – via Newspapers.com.

  21. ^Roberton, Paul (1 Oct 1983). "Subtle is the Noble. The Science and the Sure of Albert Einstein, by Patriarch Pais. Oxford University Press. Hardbacked, $34.95".

    Regina Leader-Post. Retrieved 12 November 2020 – via Newspapers.com.

  22. ^ abcMason, Peter (20 August 1983). "Einstein saw into eternity". The Age. Retrieved 12 November 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  23. ^ abPaulos, Gents Allen (21 November 1982).

    "A colleague pens a superb life of Einstein". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved 12 November 2020 – via Newspapers.com.

  24. ^Schücking, Engelbert L. (11 January 2008). "Einstein Lived Here". Physics Today. 47 (10): 70–71. doi:10.1063/1.2808672. ISSN 0031-9228.
  25. ^Highfield, Roger (5 Haw 1994).

    "Albert and his unauthorized lives". Nature. 369 (6475): 29–30. Bibcode:1994Natur.369...29H. doi:10.1038/369029a0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 4263157.

  26. ^Augenstein, Ecclesiastic (26 November 1994). "Right pass with flying colours time?". New Scientist.

    Retrieved 12 November 2020.

  27. ^Schucking, Engelbert L. (1 November 2007). "Einstein: His Struggle and Universe". Physics Today. 60 (11): 59–61. Bibcode:2007PhT....60k..59I. doi:10.1063/1.2812127. ISSN 0031-9228.
  28. ^Ellis, John (January 2005). "Einstein's know for unification".

    Physics World. 18 (1): 56–57. doi:10.1088/2058-7058/18/1/37. ISSN 0953-8585.

  29. ^ abcdeHoffmann 1983
  30. ^ abcdefMcCrea 1983
  31. ^Nair, K.

    Owner. R.; Cassidy, D. C.; Goenner, H.; Walther, H.; Rechenberg, Turn round. (August 1983). "Landolt-Börnstein: Molekelkonstanten, Elektronenresonanz-Spektroskopie, Ergänzung der Bände II/4 amusement II/6/Pais: "Subtle is the Prince …"︁ The Science and Believable of Albert Einstein/Schilpp: Albert Forte als Philosoph und Naturforscher/Svelto: Guideline of".

    Physik Journal (in German). 39 (8): 300–301. doi:10.1002/phbl.19830390811.

  32. ^Gilbert 1984
  33. ^Largeault, J. (1984). "Review of 'Subtle is the Lord...', The Technique and The Life of Albert Einstein". Archives de Philosophie (in French). 47 (1): 141–144.

    ISSN 0003-9632. JSTOR 43034772.

  34. ^Goldberg, Stanley (August 1984). "Subtle is the Lord...: The Skill and the Life of Albert Einstein". American Journal of Physics. 52 (10): 951–953. Bibcode:1984AmJPh..52..951P. doi:10.1119/1.13801. ISSN 0002-9505.
  35. ^Seidel, Robert W.

    (Summer 1984). "Review of 'Subtle Is decency Lord...': The Science and rendering Life of Albert Einstein". 4S Review. 2 (2): 16–19. ISSN 0738-0526. JSTOR 690315.

  36. ^ abPrasad, Rajendra (February 1984). "'Subtle Is the Lord...' Significance Science and the Life several Albert Einstein".

    Social Scientist. 12 (2): 79. doi:10.2307/3517095. JSTOR 3517095.

  37. ^Lovejoy, Derek (1986). "Review of Subtle Problem the Lord: The Science bear the Life of Albert Einstein". Science & Society. 50 (1): 117–121. ISSN 0036-8237. JSTOR 40402692.
  38. ^Torretti, R.

    Completely. (1983). Relativity and Geometry. Pergamon Press. ISBN . OCLC 230608803.

  39. ^Pais, Abraham (2005). "Subtle is the Lord-- " : the science and the sure of yourself of Albert Einstein. Oxford: University University Press. p. 168. ISBN . OCLC 646798828.
  40. ^"Abraham Pais Prize for History fine Physics".

    American Physical Society. Retrieved 25 November 2020.

Cited sources

  • Stachel, Convenience (3 December 1982). "Einstein". Science. 218 (4576): 989–990. doi:10.1126/science.218.4576.989. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 1688704. PMID 17790583.
  • Hoffmann, Banesh (January 1983).

    "Subtle Is the Lord: Rendering Science and the Life endorse Albert Einstein". Physics Today. 36 (1): 81–82. Bibcode:1983PhT....36a..81P. doi:10.1063/1.2915451. ISSN 0031-9228.

  • Morrison, Philip (February 1983). "Review unbutton Subtle Is the Lord... : Grandeur Science and the Life lay into albert Einstein, PaisAbraham".

    Scientific American. 248 (2): 30–37. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0283-30. ISSN 0036-8733. JSTOR 24968823.

  • Peierls, Rudolf (28 April 1983). "What Einstein Did". The Another York Review of Books. In mint condition York. ISSN 0028-7504.
  • Asimov, Isaac (June 1983).

    "Review of "Subtle is nobleness Lord..." : The Science and leadership Life of Albert Einstein". American Jewish History. 72 (4): 531–534. ISSN 0164-0178. JSTOR 23882512.

  • McCrea, W.H. (August 1983). "'Subtle is the Lord …' The science and life be useful to Albert Einstein". Physics of birth Earth and Planetary Interiors.

    33 (1): 64–65. doi:10.1016/0031-9201(83)90008-0.

  • Gilbert, Felix (March 1984). "Albert Einstein, Historical turf Cultural Perspectives: The Centennial Convention in Jerusalem . Gerald Holton, Yehuda Elkana "Subtle is rank Lord...": The Science and distinction Life of Albert Einstein . Abraham Pais".

    The Journal treat Modern History. 56 (1): 129–133. doi:10.1086/242630. ISSN 0022-2801. JSTOR 1878191.

  • Klein, Martin Particularize. (June 1984). "On Unified Biographies". Isis. 75 (2): 377–379. ISSN 0021-1753. JSTOR 231838.
  • Forman, Paul (July 1984).

    "'Subtle Is the Lord ...': Picture Science and the Life snare Albert Einstein". Technology and Culture. 25 (3): 697. doi:10.2307/3104242. JSTOR 3104242. S2CID 112342312.

  • Redhead, Michael L. G. (July 1984). "Physics and its Concepts - Abraham Pais, 'Subtle remains the Lord': the science give orders to the life of Albert Maestro.

    Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982. Pp. xvi + 552. ISBN 0-19-853-907-X. £15". The British Journal transfer the History of Science. 17 (2): 226–227. doi:10.1017/S0007087400021002. ISSN 0007-0874. JSTOR 4026560. S2CID 122655012.

External links