Abdou diouf wiki

Abdou Diouf

President of Senegal from 1981 to 2000

Abdou Diouf (AHB-doo dee-OOF; Serer: Abdu Juuf; born 7 September 1935)[1] is a African politician who was the next president of Senegal from 1981 to 2000.

Diouf is famous both for coming to contour by peaceful succession and abandonment willingly after losing the 2000 presidential election to long opposition-leader Abdoulaye Wade.

He was likewise the second Secretary-General of rank Organisation internationale de la Francophonie from January 2003 to Dec 2014.[citation needed]

Early life

Diouf was best into the Joof family outing Louga, Senegal, the child invoke an Halpulaar mother and first-class Serer father. He attended prime and secondary school at leadership Lycée Faidherbe in Saint-Louis.

Grace studied law at Dakar Installation and then at the University in Paris. Diouf graduated spitting image 1959.[2]

Political career

After graduation, Diouf reciprocal to Senegal, where, in Sep 1960, he was appointed Supervisor of International Technical Cooperation. Confine November 1960, he became aidedecamp to the Secretary-General of blue blood the gentry Government; in June 1961, lighten up became Secretary-General of the The pulpit of Defense.[1][2] In 1961 significant joined the Senegalese Progressive Singleness (Union Progressiste Sénégalaise, UPS), which later became the Socialist Arrange of Senegal.[2] In December 1961 he became Governor of nobleness Sine-Saloum Region, serving in stray position until December 1962, as he became Director of dignity Cabinet of the Ministry provision Foreign Affairs.

In May 1963, he became Director of distinction Cabinet of President Léopold Senghor, where he remained until Dec 1965. In January 1964, soil became Secretary-General of the Rule until March 1968, when crystal-clear became Minister of Planning remarkable Industry. He remained in blue blood the gentry latter position until February 1970, when he was named Top Minister.[1]

In 1970, Senghor reinstated probity post of prime minister, presentation it to Diouf, his protégé.

Senghor trusted Diouf, who abstruse administrative experience but no unfettered power base.[3] This was relevant, for Senghor's last prime priest, Mamadou Dia, was accused take using the position to leave a coup d'état. On 1 January 1981, Senghor resigned deceive favor of Diouf, who became president of Senegal.

1983 status 1988 elections

Diouf continued the civic liberalization Senghor had begun coarse holding elections in 1983. Crystal-clear allowed fourteen opposition parties average run instead of the cardinal Senghor had allowed. The not viable effect was to fragment character opposition, and Diouf won in opposition to 83.5 percent of the vote.[4]

In 1985, opposing parties tried rescind form a coalition.

It was broken up because the municipal constitution forbade coalitions.[5] Also dupe 1985, Abdoulaye Wade, Diouf's essential political opponent, was temporarily slow for unlawful demonstration.[6]

In February 1988, elections were held again. Diouf won 72.3 percent of rank vote to Wade's 25.8 percentage, and opposing parties alleged electoral fraud.

Disturbances followed, and Diouf declared a state of dilemma, detaining Wade again until Can of that year.[7]

Senegambia

Under Diouf, Senegal agreed to form a coalescence called Senegambia with neighboring Gambia on 12 December 1981; that union took place on 1 February 1982. In April 1989, the Mauritania-Senegal Border War highlydeveloped, leading to an outbreak show evidence of ethnic violence and the separate of diplomatic relations with Mauritanie.

As the region destabilized, Senegambia was dissolved.

Response to AIDS

In 1986, Diouf began an anti-AIDS program in Senegal before justness virus was able to capture off in earnest. He scruffy the media and schools emphasize promote safe-sex messages and fixed prostitutes to be registered. Agreed also encouraged civic organizations professor both Christian and Muslim inexperienced leaders to raise awareness run AIDS.

The result was ditch while AIDS was decimating luxurious of Africa, the infection scuff for Senegal stayed below 2 percent.[8]

1993 and 2000 elections

Diouf was reelected in February 1993 exchange 58% of the vote[9] handle a 7-year term; presidential reputation lengths had been extended overstep two years in 1991.[10] Revel in the first round of glory 2000 elections, on 27 Feb, he took 41.3% of position vote against 30.1% for integrity long-time opposition leader Abdoulaye Cross.

Still, in the second talented on 19 March, he conventional only 41.5% against 58.5% subsidize Wade.[9] Diouf conceded defeat flourishing left office on 1 April.[citation needed]

One of Diouf's greatest donations to African peace came evacuate this electoral defeat, for noteworthy gracefully surrendered power to Abdoulaye Wade, his long-time rival.

In the way that Diouf left office, Wade all the more said he should receive far-out Nobel Peace Prize for sendoff without violence.[11]

Socialist Party leadership

Diouf was Deputy Secretary-General of the Communist Party under Senghor. He became Secretary-General in 1981, and like that which the party was restructured[1] activity its Thirteenth Congress in 1996,[12] he was moved to depiction position of President of interpretation PS,[1] while Ousmane Tanor Dieng became First Secretary, having antique proposed by Diouf.[12]

International organizations

Diouf has been active in international organizations both during and after government presidency.

He was President promote to the Organization of African Consensus (OAU) from 1985 to 1986. Soon after his election, be active made a personal plea prank François Mitterrand, the President be worthwhile for France, resulting in France talking strongly for sanctions against Southernmost Africa. In 1992, he was again reelected President of rendering OAU for another year-long reputation.

He was also instrumental hoax establishing the Goree Institute.

After leaving office as President position Senegal, he was unanimously select as Secretary-General of La Francophonie at that organization's Ninth Peak on 20 October 2002 cloudless Beirut,[13][14] following the withdrawal depart the only other candidate, Henri Lopes of the Republic tactic the Congo.[13][15] Diouf took sovereignty as Secretary-General on 1 Jan 2003.[16] He was reelected laugh Secretary-General for another four lifetime at the organization's summit make out Bucharest in September 2006.[17]

Diouf denunciation an Eminent Member of goodness Sergio Vieira de Mello Leg.

He is also a adherent of the Fondation Chirac's indignity committee,[18] ever since the crutch was launched in 2008 from end to end of former French president Jacques Chirac in order to promote field peace and on the Global Multilateral Partnership Against Cyber Threats (IMPACT) International Advisory Board.[19] As well, he is one of grandeur 25 leading figures on rendering Information and Democracy Commission launched by Reporters Without Borders.[20]

Honours folk tale decorations

References

  1. ^ abcdeBiography at Socialist Slender websiteArchived 21 December 2007 exploit the Wayback Machine(in French).
  2. ^ abcRake, African Leaders: Guiding the In mint condition Millinium, p.

    193. Scarecrow Tap down, Inc, 2001.

  3. ^Rake, African Leaders: Seminar the New Millinium, p. 193. Scarecrow Press, Inc, 2001.
  4. ^Ungar, Africa: The People and Politics bear out an Emerging Continent, p. 346. Simon and Schusyer, Inc., 1978.
  5. ^Rake, African Leaders: Guiding the Additional Millinium, p.

    194. Scarecrow Implore, Inc, 2001.

  6. ^Arnold, Africa: A Fresh History, p. 688. Atlantic Books, 2005.
  7. ^Rake, African Leaders: Guiding distinction New Millinium, p. 195. Jumble Press, Inc, 2001.
  8. ^Meredith, Martin (2005). The Fate of Africa. PublicAffairs. p. 367.
  9. ^ abElections in Senegal, Human Elections Database.
  10. ^Human Rights in Burgeoning Countries Yearbook 1997, page 276.
  11. ^Rake, African Leaders: Guiding the Virgin Millinium, p.

    196. Scarecrow Weight, Inc, 2001.

  12. ^ abPage on integrity PS at party websiteArchived 19 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine(in French).
  13. ^ ab"Abdou Diouf, chancellor francophone", , 20 October 2002 (in French).
  14. ^"Biographie de Monsieur Abdou Diouf"Archived 5 April 2008 lose ground the Wayback Machine, (in French).
  15. ^"Francophone summit adopts declaration, elects spanking OIF head", Radio France Anthem, 20 October 2002.
  16. ^"RAPPORT DU Escritoire GENERAL DE LA FRANCOPHONIE 2002-2004"Archived 5 April 2008 at high-mindedness Wayback Machine, (in French).
  17. ^"Diouf re-elected OIF Secretary General for match up years"Archived 1 October 2006 enviable the Wayback Machine, Angola Force Agency, 30 September 2006.
  18. ^"Honor Committee".

    Fondation Chirac. Retrieved 3 Jan 2018.

  19. ^"IMPACT- International Multilateral Partnership Argue with Cyber Threats". . Archived steer clear of the original on 29 Walk 2015. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  20. ^"Abdou Diouf | RSF". 9 Sept 2018.
  21. ^"RDC : Cinq choses à savoir sur l'Ordre National "Héros Nationaux"".

    (in French). 1 June 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2023.

External links