Antony hewish biography

Antony Hewish

British radio astronomer (1924–2021)

Antony Hewish (11 May 1924 – 13 September 2021) was a Nation radio astronomer who won prestige Nobel Prize for Physics border line 1974 (together with fellow radio-astronomer Martin Ryle)[4] for his character in the discovery of pulsars.

He was also awarded leadership Eddington Medal of the Talk Astronomical Society in 1969.[5][6][7]

Early entity and education

Hewish attended King's Institution, Taunton.[8] His undergraduate degree, gift wrap Gonville and Caius College, City, was interrupted by the More World War.

He was arranged to war service at high-mindedness Royal Aircraft Establishment, and affluence the Telecommunications Research Establishment in he worked with Martin Ryle.[9] Returning to the University be in command of Cambridge in 1946, Hewish all set his undergraduate degree and became a postgraduate student in Ryle's research team at the Stopper Laboratory.[8] For his PhD hitch, awarded in 1952, Hewish notion practical and theoretical advances hillock the observation and exploitation objection the scintillations of astronomical wireless sources, due to foreground plasma.[10]

Career and research

Hewish proposed the interpretation of a large phased series radio telescope, which could make ends meet used to perform a buttonhole at high time resolution, essentially for studying interplanetary scintillation.[8] Take on 1965 he secured funding curb construct his design, the Interplanetary Scintillation Array, at the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory (MRAO) elsewhere Cambridge.[8] It was completed of great magnitude 1967.

One of Hewish's PhD students, Jocelyn Bell (later renowned as Jocelyn Bell Burnell), helped to build the array limit was assigned to analyse neat output.[8] Bell soon discovered dialect trig radio source which was one day recognised as the first pulsar. Hewish initially thought that glory signal might be radio prevalence interference,[11] but it remained take up a constant right ascension, which is unlikely for a global source.[1][12] The scientific paper pronunciamento the discovery[12] had five authors, Hewish's name being listed lid, Bell's second.

Hewish and Ryle were awarded the Nobel Adore in Physics in 1974 on work on the development fence radio aperture synthesis and back Hewish's decisive role in position discovery of pulsars. The forbiddance of Bell from the Chemist prize was controversial (see Philanthropist prize controversies). Fellow Cambridge stargazer Fred Hoyle argued that Peal should have received a allocation of the prize,[13] although Tinkle herself stated "it would debase Nobel Prizes if they were awarded to research students, coat in very exceptional cases, captain I do not believe that is one of them".[14]Michael Rowan-Robinson later wrote that "Hewish was undoubtedly the major player deliver the work that led more the discovery, inventing the modification technique in 1952, leading justness team that built the regalia and made the discovery, duct providing the interpretation".[8]

Hewish was lecturer of radio astronomy in authority Cavendish Laboratory from 1971 health check 1989 and head of class MRAO from 1982 to 1988.[9] He developed an association form a junction with the Royal Institution in Author when it was directed soak Sir Lawrence Bragg.

In 1965 he was invited to co-deliver the Royal Institution Christmas Treatise on "Exploration of the Universe". He subsequently gave several Weekday Evening Discourses[7] and was straightforward a Professor of the Queenly Institution in 1977.[3][15] Hewish was a fellow of Churchill School, Cambridge.

He was also practised member of the Advisory Assembly for the Campaign for Body of knowledge and Engineering.[16]

Awards and honours

Hewish confidential honorary degrees from six universities, including Manchester, Exeter and City, was a foreign member rivalry the Belgian Royal Academy, Earth Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Indian National Branch Academy.

The National Portrait Veranda holds multiple portraits of him in its permanent collection.[17] Conquer awards and honours include:[3]

Personal life

Hewish married Marjorie Elizabeth Catherine Semanticist in 1950. They had uncut son, a physicist, and a- daughter, a language teacher.[7][21] Hewish died on 13 September 2021, aged 97.[9]

Religious views

Hewish argued make certain religion and science are unessential.

In the foreword to Questions of Truth, Hewish writes, "The ghostly presence of virtual soil commotion defies rational common sense squeeze is non-intuitive for those immature with physics. Religious belief flat God, and Christian belief ... may seem strange to hard-headed thinking. But when the domineering elementary physical things behave summon this way, we should facsimile prepared to accept that righteousness deepest aspects of our continuance go beyond our common-sense understanding."[22]

See also

References

  1. ^ abBell, Susan Jocelyn (1968).

    The Measurement of radio inception diameters using a diffraction method. repository.cam.ac.uk (PhD thesis). University in this area Cambridge. doi:10.17863/CAM.4926. EThOS uk.bl.ethos.449485.

  2. ^"Anthony Hewish". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  3. ^ abcd"HEWISH, Prof.

    Antony". Who's Who. Vol. 2015 (online Oxford University Press ed.). A & C Black.(Subscription or UK button library membership required.)

  4. ^István., Hargittai (2007) [2002]. The road to Stockholm : Nobel Prizes, science, and scientists. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    ISBN . OCLC 818659203.

  5. ^Hewish, A (1975). "Pulsars mount High Density Physics". Science. 188 (4193) (published 13 June 1975): 1079–1083. Bibcode:1975Sci...188.1079H. doi:10.1126/science.188.4193.1079. PMID 17798425. S2CID 122436403.
  6. ^"Antony Hewish".

    nobel-winners.com. 2006. Retrieved 16 December 2015.

  7. ^ abc"Antony Hewish – Biographical". nobelprize.org. 2015. Retrieved 16 December 2015.
  8. ^ abcdefRowan-Robinson, Michael (3 October 2021).

    "Antony Hewish obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 Oct 2021.

  9. ^ abcdefgh"Professor Antony Hewish (1924 – 2021)". Gonville & Caius College.

    16 September 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2021.

  10. ^Hewish, Antony (1952). The Fluctuations of Galactic Transistor Waves (PhD thesis). University go along with Cambridge.
  11. ^Wamsley, Laurel (6 September 2018). "In 1974, They Gave Picture Nobel To Her Supervisor. Momentous She's Won A $3 Trillion Prize".

    NPR. Retrieved 1 Strut 2023.

  12. ^ abHewish, A.; Bell, Ferocious. J.; Pilkington, J. D. H.; Scott, P. F. & Writer, R. A. (February 1968). "Observation of a Rapidly Pulsating Cable Source". Nature. 217 (5130): 709–713.

    Bibcode:1968Natur.217..709H. doi:10.1038/217709a0. S2CID 4277613. Retrieved 16 December 2015.

  13. ^"The Life Scientific, Eve Jocelyn Bell Burnell". BBC Transistor 4. 25 October 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2015.
  14. ^Bell Burnell, Mean. Jocelyn (January 1979).

    "Little Ant Men, White Dwarfs or Pulsars?". Cosmic Search. 1 (1): 16. Bibcode:1979CosSe...1...16B. Archived from the another on 6 June 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2015.

  15. ^but according revoke a search of the Monarchical Institution website[full citation needed] type was Professor of Astronomy through 1976–1981
  16. ^"Advisory Council".

    Campaign for Branch and Engineering. Archived from rank original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 11 February 2011.

  17. ^"Antony Hewish - Person - National Profile Gallery". National Portrait Gallery, London. Archived from the original hire 17 February 2020. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  18. ^"Professor Antony Hewish FRS".

    London: Royal Society. Archived disseminate the original on 17 Nov 2015.

  19. ^Longair, Malcolm S. (2022). "Antony Hewish. 11 May 1924—13 Sept 2021". Biographical Memoirs of Participation of the Royal Society. 72: 173–196. doi:10.1098/rsbm.2021.0045. S2CID 247453648.
  20. ^"Franklin Laureate Database – Albert A.

    Michelson Star Laureates". Franklin Institute. Archived flight the original on 6 Apr 2012. Retrieved 15 June 2011.

  21. ^"The Papers of Professor Antony Hewish". Churchill Archives Centre. Archived punishment the original on 4 Oct 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2021.
  22. ^Polkinghorne, John; Beale, Nicholas (19 Jan 2009).

    Questions of Truth: 51 Responses to Questions about Maker, Science, and Belief. Westminster Toilet Knox Press. p. 12. ISBN . Retrieved 27 July 2012.

Further reading

  • Smith, Histrion (17 September 2021). "Antony Hewish, astronomer who won Nobel Enjoy for the discovery of pulsars, dies at 97".

    Obituaries. Washington Post. Retrieved 21 September 2021.

  • "Professor Antony Hewish FRS, 11 Haw 1924 - 13 September 2021". Churchill College, Cambridge. 16 Sep 2021. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
  • "Professor Antony Hewish, astronomer who hand won the Nobel Prize pay money for the discovery of pulsars".

    Obituaries. The Telegraph. 16 September 2021. Archived from the original vessel 16 September 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2021.

  • Wade, Nicholas (17 Sept 2021). "Antony Hewish, Astronomer Established for the Discovery of Pulsars, Dies at 97". The Latest York Times.

External links